What is 臥槽馬, a classic named horse-mate pattern?
These answers restate the rules implemented by our open-source engine, which follows the WXF laws and is regression-tested against the official 110-diagram repetition casebook. Where an answer refers to a specific position, that position lives on the linked reference page, where the build verifies it against the engine before publishing.
Direct answer
臥槽馬 is one of the traditional named mating patterns preserved in xiangqi's endgame literature, where a horse lands on a point beside the enemy palace and delivers a check the general has no square to escape from and no piece able to block, because a horse's check can only be stopped by attacking the horse's supporting leg, not by interposing.
Why it works mechanically
A horse's check cannot be blocked the way a chariot's or cannon's can, since nothing can stand between a horse and its target the way it can along a straight line. The only defences are capturing the horse, capturing or blocking its leg, or moving the general, and next to the palace corner the general is often already out of safe squares to move to.
Why it is still worth recognising by name
Seeing the pattern once makes it far easier to spot the same shape again later, which is the entire point of studying named patterns rather than only solving fresh puzzles. It also commonly appears as the finishing move of a longer combination rather than as a standalone tactic, so recognising it helps you calculate toward it as a target.
Related questions
Does the horse need support to deliver this mate?
Usually yes, since the general's escort pieces would otherwise simply capture the horse; a supporting piece or the mate's forcing nature has to remove that option first.
Is this pattern common in actual games?
The underlying idea, a horse delivering an unstoppable check beside the palace, recurs often enough that it is one of the first named patterns most players learn.
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